श्रीशुक उवाच ।
ततः प्राचेतसोऽसिक्न्यामनुनीतः स्वयम्भुवा ।
षष्टिं सञ्जनयामास दुहितॄः पितृवत्सलाः ॥ १॥
दश धर्माय कायेन्दोर्द्विषट्त्रिणव दत्तवान् ।
भूताङ्गिरःकृशाश्वेभ्यो द्वे द्वे तार्क्ष्याय चापराः ॥ २॥
नामधेयान्यमूषां त्वं सापत्यानां च मे शृणु ।
यासां प्रसूतिप्रसवैर्लोका आपूरितास्त्रयः ॥ ३॥
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Śrī Śuka resumed : Pacified and prevailed upon by Brahmā (the self-born), Dakṣa (the son of the Pracetās) then begot through Asikni (his wife) sixty daughters, who were (very) affectionate towards their father. (1)
He gave away ten (of them) to Dharma (the god of piety), thirteen to the sage Kaśyapa (son of Marīci), thrice nine (twenty-seven) to the moon-god, two each to the sages Bhūta, Aṅgirā and Kṛśāśwa and the rest (again) to Kaśyapa (who is also known by the name of Tārksya). (2)
(Now) hear you from me their names as well as of their offspring, by whose children and their descendants (all) the three worlds (heaven, earth and the intermediate region) were filled on all sides. (3) (1-3)
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भानुर्लम्बा ककुद्यामिर्विश्वा साध्या मरुत्वती ।
वसुर्मुहूर्ता सङ्कल्पा धर्मपत्न्यः सुताञ्छृणु ॥ ४॥
भानोस्तु देवऋषभ इन्द्रसेनस्ततो नृप ।
विद्योत आसील्लम्बायास्ततश्च स्तनयित्नवः ॥ ५॥
ककुदः सङ्कटस्तस्य कीकटस्तनयो यतः ।
भुवो दुर्गाणि जामेयः स्वर्गो नन्दिस्ततोऽभवत् ॥ ६॥
विश्वेदेवास्तु विश्वाया अप्रजांस्तान् प्रचक्षते ।
साध्योगणस्तु साध्याया अर्थसिद्धिस्तु तत्सुतः ॥ ७॥
मरुत्वांश्च जयन्तश्च मरुत्वत्यां बभूवतुः ।
जयन्तो वासुदेवांश उपेन्द्र इति यं विदुः ॥ ८॥
मौहूर्तिका देवगणा मुहूर्तायाश्च जज्ञिरे ।
ये वै फलं प्रयच्छन्ति भूतानां स्वस्वकालजम् ॥ ९॥
सङ्कल्पायाश्च सङ्कल्पः कामः सङ्कल्पजः स्मृतः ।
वसवोऽष्टौ वसोः पुत्रास्तेषां नामानि मे शृणु ॥ १०॥
द्रोणः प्राणो ध्रुवोऽर्कोऽग्निर्दोषो वसुर्विभावसुः ।
द्रोणस्याभिमतेः पत्न्या हर्षशोकभयादयः ॥ ११॥
प्राणस्योर्जस्वती भार्या सह आयुः पुरोजवः ।
ध्रुवस्य भार्या धरणिरसूत विविधाः पुरः ॥ १२॥
अर्कस्य वासना भार्या पुत्रास्तर्षादयः स्मृताः ।
अग्नेर्भार्या वसोर्धारा पुत्रा द्रविणकादयः ॥ १३॥
स्कन्दश्च कृत्तिकापुत्रो ये विशाखादयस्ततः ।
दोषस्य शर्वरीपुत्रः शिशुमारो हरेः कला ॥ १४॥
वसोराङ्गिरसीपुत्रो विश्वकर्मा कृतीपतिः ।
ततो मनुश्चाक्षुषोऽभूद्विश्वे साध्या मनोः सुताः ॥ १५॥
विभावसोरसूतोषा व्युष्टं रोचिषमातपम् ।
पञ्चयामोऽथ भूतानि येन जाग्रति कर्मसु ॥ १६॥
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Bhānu, Lambā, Kakubh, Jāmi, Viśwā, Sādhyā, Marutvati, Vasu, Muhūrtā and Saṅkalpā were (the names of) Dharma's wives; (now) hear (the names) of their sons. (4)
Of Bhānu, in the first instance was born Devarṣabha and from (the loins of) Devarṣabha, sprang up Indrasena. (Even so) Vidyota was the son of Lambā and from (the loins of) Vidyota appeared (the spirits presiding over) the clouds. (5)
(Again), the son of Kakubh was Saṅkaṭa and Saṅkaṭa's son was Kikaṭa, from whom appeared (the spirits presiding over) the fortresses on earth. (Similarly) Swarga was the son of Jāmi and from (the loins of) Swarga appeared Nandī. (6)
The sons of Viśwā were the Viśwedevas (a group of gods, ten in number); the learned speak of them as issueless. Again, the group (of gods) called the Sādhyas was born of Sādhyā and Arthasiddhi was (the name of) their son. (7)
Marutvān and Jayanta were born of Marutvati; (of these) Jayanta was a part manifestation of Lord Vāsudeva (Viṣṇu); he is (also) known by the name of Upendra. (8)
Again, a race of gods called the Mauhūrtikas (the deities presiding over the thirty Muhūrtas—each consisting of 48 minutes—comprised in every twenty-four hours) was born of Muhūrtā. They actually dispense to (all) living beings the fruit (of their actions) appropriate to the division of time presided over by each. (9)
Of Saṅkalpā, again, was born Saṅkalpa (the deity presiding over thoughts); (and) Kāma (the god of love) has been declared to be the progeny of Saṅkalpa. The eight Vasus (another group of gods) are the sons of Vasu; (now) hear their names from me;—(10)
(They are) Droṇa, Prāṇa, Dhruva, Arka, Agni, Doṣa, Vasu and Vibhāvasu. (And) of Abhimati, the wife of Droṇa, were born Harṣa, Śoka, Bhaya and others (the deities presiding over the emotions of joy, grief, fear and so on). (11)
Ūrjaswati was (the name of) the wife of Prāṇa; and Saha, Āyu and Purojava, his sons. (And) Dhruva's wife, Dharani, bore (the deities presiding over) the various cities and towns. (12)
Vāsanā (the deity presiding over latent desires was (the name of) the wife of Arka and Tarṣa (the deity presiding over excessive longing) and others are known to be his sons. (Similarly) Dhārā is (the name of) the Vasu named Agni and Draviṇaka and others are his sons. (13)
Skanda (the god Kārtikeya) was the son of Kṛttikā (the other wife of Agni); while (the gods) Viśākha and others sprang up from (the loins of) Skanda. The son of Doṣa through Śarvari (the deity presiding over nights) was (known by the name of) Śiśumāra (the deity presiding over the stellar sphere, already described in Book V as resembling a dolphin in shape), a scintillation of Śrī Hari. (14)
Viśwakarmā (the architect of the gods), the husband of Ākṛti, was the son of Vasu through Āṅgirasi (a daughter of the sage Āṅgirā). From (the loins of) Viśwakarmā appeared Cākṣuṣa (the sixth) Manu; (the group of gods called) the Viśwedevas and the Sādhyas are the sons of Cākṣuṣa Manu. (15)
Uṣā, the wife of Vibhāvasu, gave birth to (three sons,) Vyūṣṭa, Rociṣ and Ātapa. From (the loins of) Ātapa sprang up Pañcayāma* (the deity presiding over the daytime), because of whom (all) living beings remain awake and engaged in (their) activities. (16) (4-16)
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सरूपासूत भूतस्य भार्या रुद्रांश्च कोटिशः ।
रैवतोऽजो भवो भीमो वाम उग्रो वृषाकपिः ॥ १७॥
अजैकपादहिर्बुध्न्यो बहुरूपो महानिति ।
रुद्रस्य पार्षदाश्चान्ये घोराः भूतविनायकाः ॥ १८॥
प्रजापतेरङ्गिरसः स्वधा पत्नी पितॄनथ ।
अथर्वाङ्गिरसं वेदं पुत्रत्वे चाकरोत्सती ॥ १९॥
कृशाश्वोऽर्चिषि भार्यायां धूम्रकेशमजीजनत् ।
धिषणायां वेदशिरो देवलं वयुनं मनुम् ॥ २०॥
तार्क्ष्यस्य विनता कद्रूः पतङ्गी यामिनीति च ।
पतङ्ग्यसूत पतगान् यामिनी शलभानथ ॥ २१॥
सुपर्णासूत गरुडं साक्षाद्यज्ञेशवाहनम् ।
सूर्यसूतमनूरुं च कद्रूर्नागाननेकशः ॥ २२॥
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Again, Sarūpā, the (first) wife of Bhūta, brought forth the Rudras (a class of gods presiding over destruction) in crores. Of these, Raivata, Aja, Bhava, Bhīma, Vāma, Ugra, Vṛṣākapi, Ajaikapāda, Ahirbudhnya, Bahurūpa and Mahān were the foremost. And the terrible attendants of Rudra (appearing in the aforesaid eleven principal forms), (viz.,) the Pretas (spirits) and Vināyakas (a class of evil-minded demigods), were distinct from the Rudras (being born of the other wife of Bhūta). (17-18)
Again, the wife of Āṅgirā, a lord of created beings, Swadhā (by name), accepted the manes for her sons; while (his other wife) Satī adopted Atharvaveda (the fourth Veda, henceforth known by the name of Atharvāṅgirasa) as her son. (19)
Kṛśāśwa begot (a son named) Dhūmrakeśa through his (first) wife Arci, and (four more sons, viz.,) Vedaśirā, Devala, Vayuna and Manu through (his second wife) Dhiṣaṇā. (20)
Vinatā, Kadrū, Pataṅgī and Yāminī were the (four other) wives of the sage Kaśyapa (who was also known as Tārkṣya because of his father, the sage Marīci, who bore the title of Tṛkṣa). (Of these) Pataṅgī gave birth to birds, while Yāminī brought forth moths. (21)
Vinatā (also called Suparṇā) bore Garuḍa, who carries (on his back) Bhagavān Viṣṇu (the Lord of sacrifices) Himself as well as Aruṇa (who is thighless*), the charioteer of the sun-god; while Kadrū brought forth the numerous varieties of Nāgas (serpent-demons). (22)
- The deity presiding over the daytime is called Pañcayāma because the period of time presided over by him consists on an average of five Yāmas or fifteen hours including Pratyūṣa and Pradoṣa, the morning and evening hours, leaving only three Yāmas or nine hours for the night which is therefore called Triyāmā.
(17-22)
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कृत्तिकादीनि नक्षत्राणीन्दोः पत्न्यस्तु भारत ।
दक्षशापात्सोऽनपत्यस्तासु यक्ष्मग्रहार्दितः ॥ २३॥
पुनः प्रसाद्य तं सोमः कला लेभे क्षये दिताः ।
शृणु नामानि लोकानां मातॄणां शङ्कराणि च ॥ २४॥
अथ कश्यपपत्नीनां यत्प्रसूतमिदं जगत् ।
अदितिर्दितिर्दनुः काष्ठा अरिष्टा सुरसा इला ॥ २५॥
मुनिः क्रोधवशा ताम्रा सुरभिः सरमा तिमिः ।
तिमेर्यादोगणा आसन् श्वापदाः सरमासुताः ॥ २६॥
सुरभेर्महिषा गावो ये चान्ये द्विशफा नृप ।
ताम्रायाः श्येनगृध्राद्या मुनेरप्सरसां गणाः ॥ २७॥
दन्दशूकादयः सर्पा राजन् क्रोधवशात्मजाः ।
इलाया भूरुहाः सर्वे यातुधानाश्च सौरसाः ॥ २८॥
अरिष्टायाश्च गन्धर्वाः काष्ठाया द्विशफेतराः ।
सुता दनोरेकषष्टिस्तेषां प्राधानिकाञ्छ्रृणु ॥ २९॥
द्विमूर्धा शम्बरोऽरिष्टो हयग्रीवो विभावसुः ।
अयोमुखः शङ्कुशिराः स्वर्भानुः कपिलोऽरुणः ॥ ३०॥
पुलोमा वृषपर्वा च एकचक्रोऽनुतापनः ।
धूम्रकेशो विरूपाक्षो विप्रचित्तिश्च दुर्जयः ॥ ३१॥
स्वर्भानोः सुप्रभां कन्यामुवाह नमुचिः किल ।
वृषपर्वणस्तु शर्मिष्ठां ययातिर्नाहुषो बली ॥ ३२॥
वैश्वानरसुता याश्च चतस्रश्चारुदर्शनाः ।
उपदानवी हयशिरा पुलोमा कालका तथा ॥ ३३॥
उपदानवीं हिरण्याक्षः क्रतुर्हयशिरां नृप ।
पुलोमां कालकां च द्वे वैश्वानरसुते तु कः ॥ ३४॥
उपयेमेऽथ भगवान् कश्यपो ब्रह्मचोदितः ।
पौलोमाः कालकेयाश्च दानवा युद्धशालिनः ॥ ३५॥
तयोः षष्टिसहस्राणि यज्ञघ्नांस्ते पितुः पिता ।
जघान स्वर्गतो राजन्नेक इन्द्रप्रियङ्करः ॥ ३६॥
विप्रचित्तिः सिंहिकायां शतं चैकमजीजनत् ।
राहुज्येष्ठं केतुशतं ग्रहत्वं य उपागतः ॥ ३७॥
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Again, (the deities presiding over) the (twenty-seven) lunar mansions, Kṛttikā† and so on, are the wives of Soma (the moon-god), O Parikṣit (a scion of Bharata) ! Plagued with the devilish disease of consumption due to the curse of Dakṣa (who got enraged with his son-in-law because of his partiality and excessive fondness for one of his twenty-seven wives, viz., Rohiṇī, and consequent neglect of others) however, the moon-god got no issue by (any of) them. (23)
Propitiating Dakṣa again, Soma secured (from him the boon of regaining) the digits (of light) intercepted (from the lunar orb) during the waning (dark) fortnight (but no issues even then). Now hear the auspicious names of Kaśyapa's wives, the mothers of (all species of) living beings, by whom (the whole of) this universe was brought forth—(viz.,) Aditi, Diti, Danu, Kāṣṭhā, Ariṣṭā, Surasā, Ilā, Muni, Krodhavaśā, Tāmrā, Surabhi, Saramā and Timi. Of (the last-named,) Timi, were born the (numerous) species of aquatic creatures; while wild animals (the tiger etc.), are the offspring of Saramā. (24—26)
Of Surabhi were born the buffaloes, the bovine race and whatever other (ruminant) beasts with cloven hoofs there are, O king ! of Tāmrā, were born the hawk, the vulture and other (carnivorous) birds; while the hosts of celestial nymphs were born of Muni. (27)
Reptiles such as the snake, O king (Parikṣit), are the progeny of Krodhavaśā. From (the womb of) Ilā appeared the whole vegetable kingdom; while the Rākṣasas (ogres) are the offspring of Surasā. (28)
The Gandharvas (celestial musicians) are the progeny of Ariṣṭā, and beasts with uncloven hoofs (such as the horse and the donkey), of Kāṣṭhā. The sons of Danu number sixty-one; hear (the names of) the chief of them. (29)
They are Dwimūrdhā, Śambara, Ariṣṭa, Hayagrīva, Vibhāvasu, Ayomukha, Śaṅkuśīrā, Swarbhānu (Rāhu), Kapila, Aruṇa, Pulomā, Vṛṣaparvā and Ekacakra, Anutāpana, Dhūmrakeśa, Virūpākṣa, Vipracitti and Durjaya. (30-31)
Namuci, it is said, married Suprabhā, the daughter of Swarbhānu; while the mighty Yayāti,* son of Nahuṣa (a human king), wedded Śarmiṣṭhā, the daughter of Vṛṣaparvā. (32)
Now hear (the names) of the four daughters of Vaiśwānara (another son of Danu), who were (all) charming to look at, (viz.,) Upadānavī, Hayaśirā, Pulomā and Kālakā. (33)
(Of these,) Hiraṇyākṣa† espoused Upadānavī; and Kratu, Hayaśirā, O Parīkṣit! And urged by Brahmā (the creator), the glorious Kaśyapa (a lord of created beings) married the other two daughters of Vaiśwānara, (viz.,) Pulomā and Kālakā. Of these (Pulomā and Kālakā), were born sixty thousand Dānavas (great grandsons of Danu), (known as) the Paulomas and Kālakeyas, who distinguished themselves in battle. When in heaven (on a friendly visit), your father's father (Arjuna), O Parīkṣit, slew them (all) single-handed in order to please Indra (the lord of paradise), inasmuch as they wrecked his sacrificial performances. (34—36)
Vipracitti begot through (his wife) Siṁhikā a hundred and one sons, the eldest of whom was Rāhu, who (along with his hundred brothers) attained (through divine grace) to the position of a Graha (the deity presiding over a planet), the other hundred being (called) the Ketūs. (37)
- The tradition goes that the egg that bore Aruṇa was broken before time and hence Aruṇa was in an undeveloped condition without his lower limbs.
† For the names of the lunar mansions vide foot-note below V.xxii. II.
(23-37)
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अथातः श्रूयतां वंशो योऽदितेरनुपूर्वशः ।
यत्र नारायणो देवः स्वांशेनावातरद्विभुः ॥ ३८॥
विवस्वानर्यमा पूषा त्वष्टाथ सविता भगः ।
धाता विधाता वरुणो मित्रः शक्र उरुक्रमः ॥ ३९॥
विवस्वतः श्राद्धदेवं संज्ञासूयत वै मनुम् ।
मिथुनं च महाभागा यमं देवं यमीं तथा ।
सैव भूत्वाथ बडवा नासत्यौ सुषुवे भुवि ॥ ४०॥
छाया शनैश्चरं लेभे सावर्णिं च मनुं ततः ।
कन्यां च तपतीं या वै वव्रे संवरणं पतिम् ॥ ४१॥
अर्यम्णो मातृका पत्नी तयोश्चर्षणयः सुताः ।
यत्र वै मानुषी जातिर्ब्रह्मणा चोपकल्पिता ॥ ४२॥
पूषानपत्यः पिष्टादो भग्नदन्तोऽभवत्पुरा ।
योऽसौ दक्षाय कुपितं जहास विवृतद्विजः ॥ ४३॥
त्वष्टुर्दैत्यानुजा भार्या रचना नाम कन्यका ।
सन्निवेशस्तयोर्जज्ञे विश्वरूपश्च वीर्यवान् ॥ ४४॥
तं वव्रिरे सुरगणा स्वस्रीयं द्विषतामपि ।
विमतेन परित्यक्ता गुरुणाङ्गिरसेन यत् ॥ ४५॥
इति श्रीमद्भागवते महापुराणे पारमहंस्यां
संहितायां षष्ठस्कन्धे षष्ठोऽध्यायः ॥ ६॥
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Now from this point onward hear (from me) in order of sequence (an account) of the race that proceeded from Aditi, in which the almighty Lord Nārāyaṇa Himself appeared by manifesting a part of His own Being (in the form of the divine Dwarf). (38)
Vivaswān, Aryamā, Pūṣā, Twaṣṭā, Savitā, Bhaga, Dhātā, Vidhātā, Varuṇa, Mitra, Śakra (Indra) and Vāmana (who took colossal strides after assuming a cosmic form)—these are the (twelve) sons of Aditi (who preside over the sun one after another month by month). (39)
The highly blessed Saṁjñā, a wife of Vivaswān, brought forth Śrāddhadeva, who rose to be the Manu (during the present Manvantara), and a son and daughter, born as twins, (viz.,) the god Yama (the god of punishment) and Yamī (the deity presiding over the holy river Yamunā). Then appearing as (assuming the form of) a mare on earth, the same (celestial) lady gave birth to the twin born Aświnikumāras (the celestial physicians). (40)
(His other wife) Chāyā (who was no other than a shadow of Saṁjñā) got through her husband (a couple of sons, named) Śanaiścara (the deity presiding over the planet Saturn) and Sāvarṇī (another prospective) Manu, as well as a daughter, Tapatī (by name), who indeed chose king Saṁvaraṇa for her husband. (41)
Aryamā's wife was Mātṛkā and their sons were called the Carṣaṇīs (because they were full of wisdom). It was after them (as endowed with a special aptitude for self- examination ) that the human species was evolved by Brahmā (the creator). (42)
Pūṣā (the third son of Aditi), who had his teeth broken of yore because he had shown his teeth and laughed at Rudra seeing him angry at Dakṣa (vide IV. v. 21) and consequently lived on flour (vide IV. vii. 4), remained without issue. (43)
A girl, Racanā by name, who was a younger sister of the Daityas (the sons of Diti, whose account will follow in Discourse xviii below); became the wife of Twaṣṭā. Of the aforesaid couple, were born (two sons,) Sanniveśa and the powerful Viśwarūpa. (44)
The hosts of gods (unanimously) chose Viśwarūpa for their preceptor—even though he was a nephew (sister's son) of their (sworn) enemies (the Daityas)—inasmuch as they had been deserted by their (own) teacher, the sage Bṛhaspati (son of Aṅgirā), who was insulted by them. (45)
- Vide Discourse xviii of Book VIII.
† The story of Hiraṇyākṣa has already been told at length in Discourses xvii-xix of Book III.
Thus ends the sixth discourse, in Book Six of the great and glorious Bhāgavata-Purāṇa, otherwise known as the Paramahamsa-Sarhhitā.
(38-45)
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