॥ ॐ नमो भगवते वासुदेवाय ॥
॥ पञ्चसप्ततितमोऽध्यायः - ७५ ॥
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Discourse LXXV
Duryodhana's Humiliation (Preamble)
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राजोवाच ।
अजातशत्रोस्तं दृष्ट्वा राजसूयमहोदयम् ।
सर्वे मुमुदिरे ब्रह्मन् नृदेवा ये समागताः ॥ १॥
दुर्योधनं वर्जयित्वा राजानः सर्षयः सुराः ।
इति श्रुतं नो भगवंस्तत्र कारणमुच्यताम् ॥ २॥
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The king (Parikṣit) submitted : Holy sage you told me just now that all the kings, sages and gods who had assembled there rejoiced at the grand success of the Rājasūya sacrifice performed by Yudhiṣṭhira and that Duryodhana was the only exception in this matter. O worshipful one, please tell me the reason of this. (1-2) (1-2)
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ऋषिरुवाच ।
पितामहस्य ते यज्ञे राजसूये महात्मनः ।
बान्धवाः परिचर्यायां तस्यासन् प्रेमबन्धनाः ॥ ३॥
भीमो महानसाध्यक्षो धनाध्यक्षः सुयोधनः ।
सहदेवस्तु पूजायां नकुलो द्रव्यसाधने ॥ ४॥
गुरुशुश्रूषणे जिष्णुः कृष्णः पादावनेजने ।
परिवेषणे द्रुपदजा कर्णो दाने महामनाः ॥ ५॥
युयुधानो विकर्णश्च हार्दिक्यो विदुरादयः ।
बाह्लीकपुत्रा भूर्याद्या ये च सन्तर्दनादयः ॥ ६॥
निरूपिता महायज्ञे नानाकर्मसु ते तदा ।
प्रवर्तन्ते स्म राजेन्द्र राज्ञः प्रियचिकीर्षवः ॥ ७॥
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Śrī Śuka replied : Parikṣit, your grandfather, Yudhiṣṭhira, was a great soul. Bound to him with ties of affection all his relations took upon themselves some form of service or other during the sacrifice. (3)
Bhīma was placed in charge of the kitchen, Duryodhana was master of the treasury, Sahadeva was entrusted with the duty of honouring the guests; while Nakula had the charge of procuring supplies. (4)
Arjuna waited upon the elders, and Śrī Kṛṣṇa took upon Himself the duty of washing the feet of the guests. Draupadi attended to the work of serving food, while the magnanimous Karṇa was entrusted with the duty of bestowing gifts. (5)
Similarly Sātyaki, Vikarṇa, Hārdikya, Vidura, Bhūriśravā and the other sons of Bāhlika, Santardana and others were entrusted with one duty or other. All of them endeavoured to perform their respective duties to the satisfaction of Yudhiṣṭhira. (6-7) (3-7)
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ऋत्विक्सदस्यबहुवित्सु सुहृत्तमेषु
स्विष्टेषु सूनृतसमर्हणदक्षिणाभिः ।
चैद्ये च सात्वतपतेश्चरणं प्रविष्टे
चक्रुस्ततस्त्ववभृथस्नपनं द्युनद्याम् ॥ ८॥
मृदङ्गशङ्खपणवधुन्धुर्यानकगोमुखाः ।
वादित्राणि विचित्राणि नेदुरावभृथोत्सवे ॥ ९॥
नर्तक्यो ननृतुर्हृष्टा गायका यूथशो जगुः ।
वीणावेणुतलोन्नादस्तेषां स दिवमस्पृशत् ॥ १०॥
चित्रध्वजपताकाग्रैरिभेन्द्रस्यन्दनार्वभिः ।
स्वलङ्कृतैर्भटैर्भूपा निर्ययू रुक्ममालिनः ॥ ११॥
यदुसृञ्जयकाम्बोजकुरुकेकयकोसलाः ।
कम्पयन्तो भुवं सैन्यैर्यजमानपुरःसराः ॥ १२॥
सदस्यर्त्विग्द्विजश्रेष्ठा ब्रह्मघोषेण भूयसा ।
देवर्षिपितृगन्धर्वास्तुष्टुवुः पुष्पवर्षिणः ॥ १३॥
स्वलङ्कृता नरा नार्यो गन्धस्रग्भूषणाम्बरैः ।
विलिम्पन्त्योऽभिषिञ्चन्त्यो विजह्रुर्विविधै रसैः ॥ १४॥
तैलगोरसगन्धोदहरिद्रासान्द्रकुङ्कुमैः ।
पुम्भिर्लिप्ताः प्रलिम्पन्त्यो विजह्रुर्वारयोषितः ॥ १५॥
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Parikṣit ! after the priests and supervisors of the sacrifice, men of learning, friends and relations had been duly honoured with sweet words, rich presents and sacrificial fees and Śiṣupāla had entered the feet of the Lord, Yudhiṣṭhira went to the Gaṅgā to perform the concluding ablutions. (8)
While the ceremony was being so performed, various instruments of music like the Mṛdaṅga, conch, drum, kettledrum, tabor and trumpet were played upon. (9)
The courtesans danced in great joy, the songsters sang in batches. The sound of the Viṇā, flute and cymbals reached the heavens. (10)
Adorned with necklaces of gold, the Yādava, Śrījaya, Kāmboja, Kuru, Kekaya and Kośala kings, with flags of various colours waving in the air, followed Yudhiṣṭhira to the Gaṅgā shaking the earth with their armies consisting of fully accoutred foot-soldiers, elephants, chariots and horses. (11-12)
Supervisors of the sacrifice, priests and learned Brāhmaṇas proceeded chanting the Vedic hymns in loud intonations. The gods, Ṛṣis, manes and Gandharvas showered flowers on the procession from the heavens and sang Yudhiṣṭhira's praises. (13)
Men and women of the city adorned with scents, garlands, beautiful clothes and ornaments (came out on the public roads and) sported on, smearing and sprinkling one another with liquids of various kinds. (14)
The courtesans smeared the men with oil, milk, butter, scented water, turmeric powder, saffron paste, and were themselves smeared over by men in return. It was thus that they amused themselves. (15) (8-15)
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गुप्ता नृभिर्निरगमन्नुपलब्धुमेत-
द्देव्यो यथा दिवि विमानवरैर्नृदेव्यः ।
ता मातुलेयसखिभिः परिषिच्यमानाः
सव्रीडहासविकसद्वदना विरेजुः ॥ १६॥
ता देवरानुत सखीन् सिषिचुर्दृतीभिः
क्लिन्नाम्बरा विवृतगात्रकुचोरुमध्याः ।
औत्सुक्यमुक्तकबराच्च्यवमानमाल्याः
क्षोभं दधुर्मलधियां रुचिरैर्विहारैः ॥ १७॥
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Just as celestial ladies thronged in the sky in their beautiful aerial cars (to see this festivity on earth), (even) so the ladies of the royal House of Indraprastha, curious to have a look at the grand procession, came out (in beautiful palanquins and other vehicles) guarded by foot-soldiers Bhagavān Śrī Kṛṣṇa, together with His companions, sprinkled water (of various colours on them), which made their faces, bloom in bashful smiles, thus heightening their beauty. (16)
Sprinkled with water the clothes of the queens got wet, so that their limbs including their breasts, thighs and hips could be seen through. They also took up syringes filled with coloured water and threw jets of water on their brothers-in-law and their friends. In the flurry of the moment their braids got loosened and flowers dropped therefrom. Parikṣit, the sight of this lovely and innocent sport on their part brought impious thoughts in the mind of people possessed of impure hearts. (17) (16-17)
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स सम्राड् रथमारुढः सदश्वं रुक्ममालिनम् ।
व्यरोचत स्वपत्नीभिः क्रियाभिः क्रतुराडिव ॥ १८॥
पत्नीसम्याजावभृथ्यैश्चरित्वा ते तमृत्विजः ।
आचान्तं स्नापयाञ्चक्रुर्गङ्गायां सह कृष्णया ॥ १९॥
देवदुन्दुभयो नेदुर्नरदुन्दुभिभिः समम् ।
मुमुचुः पुष्पवर्षाणि देवर्षिपितृमानवाः ॥ २०॥
सस्नुस्तत्र ततः सर्वे वर्णाश्रमयुता नराः ।
महापातक्यपि यतः सद्यो मुच्येत किल्बिषात् ॥ २१॥
अथ राजाहते क्षौमे परिधाय स्वलङ्कृतः ।
ऋत्विक्सदस्यविप्रादीनानर्चाभरणाम्बरैः ॥ २२॥
बन्धूञ्ज्ञातिनृपान् मित्रसुहृदोऽन्यांश्च सर्वशः ।
अभीक्ष्णं पूजयामास नारायणपरो नृपः ॥ २३॥
सर्वे जनाः सुररुचो मणिकुण्डलस्र-
गुष्णीषकञ्चुकदुकूलमहार्घ्यहाराः ।
नार्यश्च कुण्डलयुगालकवृन्दजुष्ट-
वक्त्रश्रियः कनकमेखलया विरेजुः ॥ २४॥
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Seated in his chariot drawn by the best horses and decked with gold necklaces, Emperor Yudhiṣṭhira with Draupadi and other consorts looked as if the great sacrifice Rājasūya with the attendant rituals had assumed human forms. (18)
After the ritual known by the name Patni-Saṃyāja and the rites connected with the concluding ablutions had been over, the king performed Ācamana (sipped water born the palm of his hand), and, as directed by priests, bathed in the Gaṅgā alongwith Draupadi. (19)
At that time the drums of celestials sounded in the heavens joined with the sounding of drums by men; and the gods. Ṛṣis, manes and men showered flowers. (20)
After the Emperor had finished his ablutions, people belonging to all castes and stages of life took their dips in the Gaṅgā; for a bath at that time rids even the most sinful of their sins forthwith. (21)
Then Yudhiṣṭhira put a piece of new silk cloth round his foins and another round his shoulders and adorning himself with ornaments, he honoured the priests and supervisors of the sacrifice as well as other Brāhmaṇas with gifts of cloth and ornaments. (22)
Parikṣit, a sincere devotee of God, the Emperor saw God in every being and honoured all his relations and kinsmen, brother princes, friends and well-wishers, and other ordinary folk again and again. (23)
Wearing jewelled ear-rings, garlands of flowers, turbans, long coats, pieces of silk and costly necklaces of pearls all these people looked like gods come down on earth. And the women looked exceptionally charming with the beauty of their faces enhanced by their ear-rings and their overhanging locks, and with the zones of gold lying round their hips. (24) (18-24)
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अथर्त्विजो महाशीलाः सदस्या ब्रह्मवादिनः ।
ब्रह्मक्षत्रियविट् शूद्रा राजानो ये समागताः ॥ २५॥
देवर्षिपितृभूतानि लोकपालाः सहानुगाः ।
पूजितास्तमनुज्ञाप्य स्वधामानि ययुर्नृप ॥ २६॥
हरिदासस्य राजर्षे राजसूयमहोदयम् ।
नैवातृप्यन् प्रशंसन्तः पिबन् मर्त्योऽमृतं यथा ॥ २७॥
ततो युधिष्ठिरो राजा सुहृत्सम्बन्धिबान्धवान् ।
प्रेम्णा निवारयामास कृष्णं च त्यागकातरः ॥ २८॥
भगवानपि तत्राङ्ग न्यवात्सीत्तत्प्रियङ्करः ।
प्रस्थाप्य यदुवीरांश्च साम्बादींश्च कुशस्थलीम् ॥ २९॥
इत्थं राजा धर्मसुतो मनोरथमहार्णवम् ।
सुदुस्तरं समुत्तीर्य कृष्णेनासीद्गतज्वरः ॥ ३०॥
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Parikṣit, all those who had assembled there—priests of high character, supervisors of the sacrifice well-versed in the Vedas, Brāhmaṇas, Kṣatriyas, Vaiśyas and Śūdras, princes, gods, Ṛṣis, manes and members of other classes of beings, Indra and the other protectors of the world with their attendants—now took leave of Yudhiṣṭhira, and returned to their respective abodes, receiving appropriate honours from the Emperor. (25-26)
Just as a mortal would never feel satisfied with a drink of nectar, so they did not get tired of praising the grand success of the Rājasūya sacrifice performed by the saintly King Yudhiṣṭhira, who was a great devotee of God. (27)
The Emperor lovingly detained his kinsmen, friends and relations and also Bhagavān Śrī Kṛṣṇa at his capital, for he could not even bear the idea of their separation. (28)
Sending away Sāṃba, his other sons as well as the principal Yādava warriors to Dwārakā, the Almighty Lord stayed there with a view to pleasing the king. (29)
Thus having realized with the help of Śrī Kṛṣṇa, the long-cherished ambition of performing the Rājasūya sacrifice, which was as difficult to realize as it is to cross of ocean, Yudhiṣṭhira now heaved a sigh of relief. (30) (25-30)
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एकदान्तःपुरे तस्य वीक्ष्य दुर्योधनः श्रियम् ।
अतप्यद्राजसूयस्य महित्वं चाच्युतात्मनः ॥ ३१॥
यस्मिन् नरेन्द्रदितिजेन्द्रसुरेन्द्रलक्ष्मीः
नाना विभान्ति किल विश्वसृजोपकॢप्ताः ।
ताभिः पतीन् द्रुपदराजसुतोपतस्थे
यस्यां विषक्तहृदयः कुरुराडतप्यत् ॥ ३२॥
यस्मिंस्तदा मधुपतेर्महिषीसहस्रं
श्रोणीभरेण शनकैः क्वणदङ्घ्रिशोभम् ।
मध्ये सुचारु कुचकुङ्कुमशोणहारं
श्रीमन्मुखं प्रचलकुण्डलकुन्तलाढ्यम् ॥ ३३॥
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On a certain day, Duryodhana felt greatly troubled at heart at the sight of Yudhiṣṭhira's splendour in his palace and the greatness attained by him, a great devotee of God, through the performance of the Rājasūya sacrifice. (31)
The palace contained all the wealth and royal splendours of earthly monarchs, demon kings and lords of celestials, got together by the demon Maya, who had built it. Queen Draupadi waited upon her consorts with all these materials and it was mainly due to his attachment for her that Duryodhana was filled with jealousy. (32)
More than a thousand consorts of Bhagavān Śrī Kṛṣṇa lived in that palace at the time. The anklets at their feet charmingly jingled when they walked with slow paces on account of their bulky hips. They were slender-waisted and the saffron on their breast made their white necklace of pearls appear red. Rocking ear-rings and flowing locks enhanced the beauty of their faces. (33) (31-33)
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सभायां मयकॢप्तायां क्वापि धर्मसुतोऽधिराट् ।
वृतोऽनुजैर्बन्धुभिश्च कृष्णेनापि स्वचक्षुषा ॥ ३४॥
आसीनः काञ्चने साक्षादासने मघवानिव ।
पारमेष्ठ्यश्रीया जुष्टः स्तूयमानश्च वन्दिभिः ॥ ३५॥
तत्र दुर्योधनो मानी परीतो भ्रातृभिर्नृप ।
किरीटमाली न्यविशदसिहस्तः क्षिपन् रुषा ॥ ३६॥
स्थलेऽभ्यगृह्णाद्वस्त्रान्तं जलं मत्वा स्थलेऽपतत् ।
जले च स्थलवद्भ्रान्त्या मयमायाविमोहितः ॥ ३७॥
जहास भीमस्तं दृष्ट्वा स्त्रियो नृपतयोऽपरे ।
निवार्यमाणा अप्यङ्ग राज्ञा कृष्णानुमोदिताः ॥ ३८॥
स व्रीडितोऽवाग्वदनो रुषाज्वल-
न्निष्क्रम्य तूष्णीं प्रययौ गजाह्वयम् ।
हा हेति शब्दः सुमहानभूत्सता-
मजातशत्रुर्विमना इवाभवत् ।
बभूव तूष्णीं भगवान् भुवो भरं
समुज्जिहीर्षुर्भ्रमति स्म यद्दृशा ॥ ३९॥
एतत्तेऽभिहितं राजन् यत्पृष्टोऽहमिह त्वया ।
सुयोधनस्य दौरात्म्यं राजसूये महाक्रतौ ॥ ४०॥
इति श्रीमद्भागवते महापुराणे पारमहंस्यां
संहितायां दशमस्कन्धे उत्तरार्धे दुर्योधन-
मानभङ्गो नाम पञ्चसप्ततितमोऽध्यायः ॥ ७५॥
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In a part of the Hall constructed by Maya, Emperor Yudhiṣṭhira, invested with imperial glory, was once seated on a throne of gold. Surrounded by his brother and kinsmen, and his guide, Bhagavān Śrī Kṛṣṇa, and extolled by bards, he looked like Indra. (34-35)
Proud Duryodhana accompanied by his brothers appeared there, sword in hand, with a crown on his head and a necklace hanging on his breast. He angrily scolded the guards at the gate as he entered. (36)
Deluded by the superb skill of Maya, he drew up his skirts mistaking a certain part of the floor for a sheet of water; and proceeding further he stumbled into water mistaking it for the bare floor. (37)
Dear Parikṣit! Bhīma, the royal ladies and other princes laughed when they saw him fall, notwithstanding Yudhiṣṭhira's remonstrances, being encouraged by a gesture from Śrī Kṛṣṇa. (38)
Duryodhana was abashed at this discomfiture. Burning with rage, and with his face cast down, he silently left the Hall and immediately departed for Hastināpura. The incident raised a cry of dismay from all good people and Yudhiṣṭhira felt perturbed over it as it were. Bhagavān Śrī Kṛṣṇa, however, kept quiet over the incident, intent as He was upon relieving the burden of the earth. In fact, it was His enchanting look which threw Duryodhana into confusion and brought about the incident. (39)
Parikṣit, you asked me on this occasion how at the great Rājasūya sacrifice Duryodhana developed his intense ill-will against the Pāṇḍavas. I have told you the secret of it. (40)
Thus ends the seventy-fifth discourse entitled "Duryodhana's Humiliation" in the latter half of Book Ten of the great and glorious Bhāgavata-Purāṇa, otherwise known as the Paramahārṣa-Sarhhitā. (34-40)
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