उद्धव उवाच ।
त्वं ब्रह्म परमं साक्षादनाद्यन्तमपावृतम् ।
सर्वेषामपि भावानां त्राणस्थित्यप्ययोद्भवः ॥ १॥
उच्चावचेषु भूतेषु दुर्ज्ञेयमकृतात्मभिः ।
उपासते त्वां भगवन् याथातथ्येन ब्राह्मणाः ॥ २॥
येषु येषु च भावेषु भक्त्या त्वां परमर्षयः ।
उपासीनाः प्रपद्यन्ते संसिद्धिं तद्वदस्व मे ॥ ३॥
गूढश्चरसि भूतात्मा भूतानां भूतभावन ।
न त्वां पश्यन्ति भूतानि पश्यन्तं मोहितानि ते ॥ ४॥
याः काश्च भूमौ दिवि वै रसायां
विभूतयो दिक्षु महाविभूते ।
ता मह्यमाख्याह्यनुभावितास्ते
नमामि ते तीर्थपदाङ्घ्रिपद्मम् ॥ ५॥
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Uddhava submitted : You are actually the supreme Brahma, having no beginning or end, and unobscured (by Māyā). You are responsible for the protection, subsistence, destruction and birth of all existences. (1)
The knowers of the (real) import of the Vedas (alone) worship You, O Lord, in Your reality as abiding in (all) created beings, high and (low as their Cause), though You cannot be easily known (perceived) by those that have not been able to purify their mind. (2)
(Therefore, pray,) point out to me those particular entities (by) contemplating on You through which with devotion men of supreme wisdom (are able to) attain highest perfection (in the form of true devotion or saving wisdom). (3)
The Inner Controller of beings, You remain hidden from their view. O Life-giver of (all) created beings ! Deluded by You, living beings are unable to perceive You, even though You behold them (all). (4)
Mention to me all those powerful manifestations of Yours, invested by You with Your own divine glory, that may be existing on earth, in the quarters, in heaven or in the subterranean region, O Lord of infinite prowess ! I bow to Your lotus-feet, which are the abode of (all) sanctuaries. (5) (1-5)
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श्रीभगवानुवाच ।
एवमेतदहं पृष्टः प्रश्नं प्रश्नविदां वर ।
युयुत्सुना विनशने सपत्नैरर्जुनेन वै ॥ ६॥
ज्ञात्वा ज्ञातिवधं गर्ह्यमधर्मं राज्यहेतुकम् ।
ततो निवृत्तो हन्ताहं हतोऽयमिति लौकिकः ॥ ७॥
स तदा पुरुषव्याघ्रो युक्त्या मे प्रतिबोधितः ।
अभ्यभाषत मामेवं यथा त्वं रणमूर्धनि ॥ ८॥
अहमात्मोद्धवामीषां भूतानां सुहृदीश्वरः ।
अहं सर्वाणि भूतानि तेषां स्थित्युद्भवाप्ययः ॥ ९॥
अहं गतिर्गतिमतां कालः कलयतामहम् ।
गुणानां चाप्यहं साम्यं गुणिन्यौत्पत्तिको गुणः ॥ १०॥
गुणिनामप्यहं सूत्रं महतां च महानहम् ।
सूक्ष्माणामप्यहं जीवो दुर्जयानामहं मनः ॥ ११॥
हिरण्यगर्भो वेदानां मन्त्राणां प्रणवस्त्रिवृत् ।
अक्षराणामकारोऽस्मि पदानि छन्दसामहम् ॥ १२॥
इन्द्रोऽहं सर्वदेवानां वसूनामस्मि हव्यवाट् ।
आदित्यानामहं विष्णू रुद्राणां नीललोहितः ॥ १३॥
ब्रह्मर्षीणां भृगुरहं राजर्षीणामहं मनुः ।
देवर्षीणां नारदोऽहं हविर्धान्यस्मि धेनुषु ॥ १४॥
सिद्धेश्वराणां कपिलः सुपर्णोऽहं पतत्रिणाम् ।
प्रजापतीनां दक्षोऽहं पितॄणामहमर्यमा ॥ १५॥
मां विद्ध्युद्धव दैत्यानां प्रह्लादमसुरेश्वरम् ।
सोमं नक्षत्रौषधीनां धनेशं यक्षरक्षसाम् ॥ १६॥
ऐरावतं गजेन्द्राणां यादसां वरुणं प्रभुम् ।
तपतां द्युमतां सूर्यं मनुष्याणां च भूपतिम् ॥ १७॥
उच्चैःश्रवास्तुरङ्गाणां धातूनामस्मि काञ्चनम् ।
यमः संयमतां चाहं सर्पाणामस्मि वासुकिः ॥ १८॥
नागेन्द्राणामनन्तोऽहं मृगेन्द्रः शृङ्गिदंष्ट्रिणाम् ।
आश्रमाणामहं तुर्यो वर्णानां प्रथमोऽनघ ॥ १९॥
तीर्थानां स्रोतसां गङ्गा समुद्रः सरसामहम् ।
आयुधानां धनुरहं त्रिपुरघ्नो धनुष्मताम् ॥ २०॥
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The glorious Lord replied : In a like manner I was put this very question by Arjuna while just going to fight with his enemies at (the battle-field of) Kuruksetra, O chief of those possessing insight into the meaning of questions ! (6)
Feeling like the common man that "I am the slayer and the other one is slain (by me)", and believing that slaying one's kinsfolk for the sake of kingdom is reproachful and unrighteous, he ceased from that act (at the beginning). (7)
Disillusioned by My reasoning, that tiger among men then interrogated Me at the van of fight in the same way as you have done. (8)
I am the Self, the Befriender and the Ruler of all these created beings, O Uddhava ! (in fact,) I am all the beings as well as responsible for their birth, life and death. (9)
I am the motion of the mobile and Kāla (the Time-Spirit) among those that bring others under their control. I am the state of equilibrium (in the shape of Prakṛti) of the three Guṇas (modes of Prakṛti) and the property natural to a thing with attributes. (10)
I am the Sūtra (the active aspect of Mahat-tattva, the very first evolute of Prakṛti) among the products constituted of the three Guṇas; (nay,) I am Mahat-tattva (the principle of cosmic intelligence) among big things. Of subtle principles I am the Jiva (the embodied soul); and of those that are difficult to conquer I am the mind. (11)
Of the Vedas I am their teacher, Brahmā (who taught them for the first time to his mind-born sons); of Mantras (sacred texts) I am Praṇava (the sacred syllable OM), consisting of three members (A,U,M). Of the letter-sounds I am the sound represented by the letter 'अ' (A); of metres I am the metre Gāyatri (consisting of three feet). (12)
Of all the gods I am Indra (their chief); of the (eight) Vasus (a particular class of gods) I am the god of fire (who carries oblations to the gods). Of the (twelve) sons of Aditi I am Viṣṇu (known by the name of Upendra, the youngest, who appeared in the court of the demon king Bali as a dwarf and robbed him of his dominion extending over the three worlds); of the (eleven) Rudras, I am Nila-Lohita (Lord Śiva). (13)
Of the nine Brahmaṇa sages (born of Brahmā's mind) I am Bhrgu (the foremost of them); of the royal sages I am (Swāyambhuva) Manu. Of the celestial sages I am Nārada; of cows I am Kāmadhenu (lit., the storehouse of milk and its products used as oblations for the gods). (14)
Of the lords of Siddhas I am Lord Kapila; of birds I am Garuda (the king of birds, the carrier of Lord Viṣṇu). Of Prajāpatis (the gods presiding over creation) I am Dakṣa (the foremost of them); of the manes I am Aryamā (their head). (15)
Of Daityas (the sons of Diti) know Me to be Prahrāda, the ruler of the demons. Of the stars and annual plants know Me to be (their ruler,) the moon-god; of Yakṣas and Rākṣasas know Me to be (their chief) Kubera (the lord of treasures), O Uddhava ! (16)
Of the lords of elephants know Me to be Airāvata (the carrier of Indra); of aquatic creatures know Me to be their lord, Varuṇa (the god presiding over the waters). Of those emitting heat and light know Me to be the sun; and know Me to be the king among men. (17)
I am Uccaiḥśrava among horses; of metals I am gold. Of those that punish, I am Yama (the god of retribution); and of serpents I am Vāsuki (the chief of serpents). (18)
Of the rulers of snakes I am Lord Ananta (the serpent-god); of all animals having horns or large teeth I am the lion (the king of beasts). Of the (four) stages of life I am Samnyasa (the fourth and the last); of the (four) grades of society I am the (very) first (viz., the Brahmaṇa class), O sinless Uddhava I (19)
Of (all) holy steams I am the (holy) Gangā; (while) of (all) stationary waters I am the ocean. Of weapons I am the bow; of the wielders of bow I am Lord Śiva (the Destroyer of the three cities). (20) (6-20)
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धिष्ण्यानामस्म्यहं मेरुर्गहनानां हिमालयः ।
वनस्पतीनामश्वत्थ ओषधीनामहं यवः ॥ २१॥
पुरोधसां वसिष्ठोऽहं ब्रह्मिष्ठानां बृहस्पतिः ।
स्कन्दोऽहं सर्वसेनान्यामग्रण्यां भगवानजः ॥ २२॥
यज्ञानां ब्रह्मयज्ञोऽहं व्रतानामविहिंसनम् ।
वाय्वग्न्यर्काम्बुवागात्मा शुचीनामप्यहं शुचिः ॥ २३॥
योगानामात्मसंरोधो मन्त्रोऽस्मि विजिगीषताम् ।
आन्वीक्षिकी कौशलानां विकल्पः ख्यातिवादिनाम् ॥ २४॥
स्त्रीणां तु शतरूपाहं पुंसां स्वायम्भुवो मनुः ।
नारायणो मुनीनां च कुमारो ब्रह्मचारिणाम् ॥ २५॥
धर्माणामस्मि सन्न्यासः क्षेमाणामबहिर्मतिः ।
गुह्यानां सूनृतं मौनं मिथुनानामजस्त्वहम् ॥ २६॥
संवत्सरोऽस्म्यनिमिषां ऋतूनां मधुमाधवौ ।
मासानां मार्गशीर्षोऽहं नक्षत्राणां तथाभिजित् ॥ २७॥
अहं युगानां च कृतं धीराणां देवलोऽसितः ।
द्वैपायनोऽस्मि व्यासानां कवीनां काव्य आत्मवान् ॥ २८॥
वासुदेवो भगवतां त्वं तु भागवतेष्वहम् ।
किम्पुरुषाणां हनुमान् विद्याध्राणां सुदर्शनः ॥ २९॥
रत्नानां पद्मरागोऽस्मि पद्मकोशः सुपेशसाम् ।
कुशोऽस्मि दर्भजातीनां गव्यमाज्यं हविःष्वहम् ॥ ३०॥
व्यवसायिनामहं लक्ष्मीः कितवानां छलग्रहः ।
तितिक्षास्मि तितिक्षूणां सत्त्वं सत्त्ववतामहम् ॥ ३१॥
ओजः सहो बलवतां कर्माहं विद्धि सात्वताम् ।
सात्वतां नवमूर्तीनामादिमूर्तिरहं परा ॥ ३२॥
विश्वावसुः पूर्वचित्तिर्गन्धर्वाप्सरसामहम् ।
भूधराणामहं स्थैर्यं गन्धमात्रमहं भुवः ॥ ३३॥
अपां रसश्च परमस्तेजिष्ठानां विभावसुः ।
प्रभा सूर्येन्दुताराणां शब्दोऽहं नभसः परः ॥ ३४॥
ब्रह्मण्यानां बलिरहं वीराणामहमर्जुनः ।
भूतानां स्थितिरुत्पत्तिरहं वै प्रतिसङ्क्रमः ॥ ३५॥
गत्युक्त्युत्सर्गोपादानमानन्दस्पर्शलक्षणम् ।
आस्वादश्रुत्यवघ्राणमहं सर्वेन्द्रियेन्द्रियम् ॥ ३६॥
पृथिवी वायुराकाश आपो ज्योतिरहं महान् ।
विकारः पुरुषोऽव्यक्तं रजः सत्त्वं तमः परम् ।
अहमेतत्प्रसङ्ख्यानं ज्ञानं तत्त्वविनिश्चयः ॥ ३७॥
मयेश्वरेण जीवेन गुणेन गुणिना विना ।
सर्वात्मनापि सर्वेण न भावो विद्यते क्वचित् ॥ ३८॥
सङ्ख्यानं परमाणूनां कालेन क्रियते मया ।
न तथा मे विभूतीनां सृजतोऽण्डानि कोटिशः ॥ ३९॥
तेजः श्रीः कीर्तिरैश्वर्यं ह्रीस्त्यागः सौभगं भगः ।
वीर्यं तितिक्षा विज्ञानं यत्र यत्र स मेंऽशकः ॥ ४०॥
एतास्ते कीर्तिताः सर्वाः सङ्क्षेपेण विभूतयः ।
मनोविकारा एवैते यथा वाचाभिधीयते ॥ ४१॥
वाचं यच्छ मनो यच्छ प्राणान् यच्छेद्रियाणि च ।
आत्मानमात्मना यच्छ न भूयः कल्पसेऽध्वने ॥ ४२॥
यो वै वाङ्मनसी संयगसंयच्छन् धिया यतिः ।
तस्य व्रतं तपो दानं स्रवत्यामघटाम्बुवत् ॥ ४३॥
तस्माद्वचो मनः प्राणान् नियच्छेन्मत्परायणः ।
मद्भक्तियुक्तया बुद्ध्या ततः परिसमाप्यते ॥ ४४॥
इति श्रीमद्भागवते महापुराणे पारमहंस्यां
संहितायां एकादशस्कन्धे षोडशोऽध्यायः ॥ १६॥
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I am Mount Meru (the abode of Brahmā) among (all) abodes; of (all) spots difficult of access I am the Himālaya. Of trees I am the Aśwattha (the holy fig-tree); of annual plants I am barley. (21)
Of family priests I am the sage Vasiṣṭha (the priest of the ancient solar dynasty of kings); of those devoted to the spirit of the Vedas I am the sage Bṛhaspati (the preceptor of the gods). Of (all) leaders of armies I am Skanda (the generalissimo of the gods); of those that lead men on the right path I am the glorious Brahmā (the birthless one). (22)
Of (all) sacrificial performances I am Brahmayajña (the daily recitation of the Vedas); of (all) sacred vows I am (the vow of) harmlessness. Of purifying agencies, again, I am the purifying agency (par excellence) in the shape of the air, fire, the sun, water and the word (of a Brāhmaṇa who is the only man qualified to judge and pronounce the purity or otherwise of a substance or living being). (23)
Of all the limbs of Yoga (self-discipline) I am Samādhi (total absorption of the mind into the Spirit); I am political wisdom in those that seek victory. Of (all) scientific courses of correct understanding I am the science by which the distinction between Matter and Spirit is known; I am the (unending) doubt of those debating on the theory of Perception. (24)
Of the fair sex I am Śatarūpā (the wife of Swāyambhuva Manu and the first female offspring of Brahmā); of men I am Swāyambhuva Manu (the first human male creation of Brahmā). Of ascetics I am the sage Nārāyaṇa; and of celibates, Sanatkumāra. (25)
Of (all) virtues I am the vow of causing no fear to anyone; of all factors conducive to fearlessness I am thought withdrawn from without (and directed towards one's own self). Of (all) means of maintaining secrecy I am kind speech and silence (both of which help a man to conceal what exists in his mind); of pairs, again, I am Brahmā (the birthless one, who assumed two forms, the first part becoming a man and the other a woman). (26)
Of those that (ever) keep awake (without even winking) I am the (ever-revolving wheel of) time (represented by a twelvemonth); of the (six) seasons (constituting a year) I am (the two months of) Caitra and Vaiśākha (constituting the vernal season). Of the (twelve) months (of a year) I am (the month of) Mārgaśīrṣa; and of the (twenty-seven) lunar mansions I am Abhijit.† (27)
Of the (four) Yugas or aeons) I am the Kṛta (Satyayuga) and of the self-controlled I am the sages Asita and Devala. Of the compilers and arrangers of the Vedas I am the sage (Kṛṣṇa) Dwaipāyana; of more of wisdom I am the self-possessed Śukrācārya (the preceptor of the demon kings). (28)
Of divine personages I am Lord Vāsudeva (the first and foremost of the four Vyūhas or manifestations of the Godhead, the Deity presiding over the intellect or Citta); and of the votaries of the Lord I am you (Uddhava). Of Kimpuruṣas (a species of semi-divine beings resembling a monkey in shape) I am Hanumān (the monkey-god); of Vidyādharas (heavenly artistes) I am Sudarśana. (29)
Of precious stones I am the ruby; of lovely objects I am a lotus bud. Of the (many) varieties of Darbha grass (such as Kuśa and Dūrvā) I am (the variety known by the name of) Kuśa; of offerings thrown into the sacred fire I am cow's ghee. (30)
Of those engaged in any business (and seeking to amass wealth) I am the wealth; in those engaged in practising trickery I am gambling. I am the endurance in those practising endurance; I am the courage of the courageous. (31)
I am the organic strength as well as the strength of mind of the strong; (and) know that I am the action (done by way of an offering to Me) of the devotees of the Lord. Of the nine forms (viz., Vāsudeva, Saṅkarṣṇa, Pradyumna, Aniruddha, Nārāyaṇa, Hayagriva, Varāha, Nṛsiṁha, and Vāmana) worshipped by the Sātvatas (followers of the Pañcarātra Āgama) I am the first and the highest (of them, viz., Vāsudeva). (32)
I am Viśwāvasu of the Gandharvas (celestial songsters) and Pūrvacitti of the Apsarās (celestial nymphs). I am the firmness of mountains (and) the (pure) odour (characteristic) of the earth. (33)
I am the sweet taste (characteristic) of water; of the most glorious I am (the god of) fire. I am the brilliant light in the sun, the moon and the stars; I am sound, the distinguishing property of ether. (34)
I am Bali among those devoted to the Brahmanas; of the valiant, I am Arjuna. I am the genesis, existence and final dissolution of created beings. (35)
I am (the functions of) locomotion, speech, defecation, grasping and enjoyment (of the organs of action) and touching, seeing, tasting, hearing and smelling (of the senses of perception), as well as the faculty (of perceiving the sense-objects) inhering in all the senses of perception. (36)
I am (the seven categories which are both of the nature of cause and effect, viz., the subtle elements of) earth, the air, ether, water, fire; the (cosmic) Ego and Mahat-tattva (the principle of cosmic intelligence); (sixteen categories which are) modifications (alone, viz., the five gross elements and the eleven Indriyas), the soul (which is neither a cause nor an effect), the Unmanifest (primordial Matter, which is a cause alone), (the three modes of Prakṛti, viz.,) Rajas, Sattva and Tamas as well as Brahma (the Absolute). (37)
(Nay.) I am the numbering of these categories, their (distinguishing) knowledge (by means of their characteristics) and the (resultant) Realization of Truth. Nothing exists anywhere apart from Me, who am God as well as Jiva (the individual soul), the (three) Guṇas (modes of Prakṛti) as well as the categories made up of the (three) Guṇas (viz., the Mahat-tattva and so on), (nay.) who am the Inner Controller of all as well as all. (38)
The reckoning of atoms can be done by Me in course of time, but not so of My glorious manifestations (which are endless) as I evolve universes in tens of millions. (39)
Wherever there is glory, affluence, renown, authority, modesty, liberality, elegance, good luck, valour, endurance and knowledge of Truth, that is (indeed) My part manifestation. (40)
These are all My glorious manifestations made known to you in brief. They are (however) mere caprices of the mind (and not real); they are like something merely expressed in words. (41)
(Therefore,) restrain (your) speech, curb (your) mind, control (your) breath, tame (your) senses and conquer your intellect with your (Sattvika) intellect and you will no longer be liable to return to the path of transmigration. (42)
The sacred vows, austerities and liberality of the Yogi who does not duly subdue his speech and mind with his reason leak out (unnoticed) as water from an unbaked jar. (43)
Therefore, keeping his eyes fixed on Me as his goal, a man should control his mind, speech and breath by means of his intellect full of devotion to Me; thereby he will have reached the end of his journey. (44)
Thus ends the sixteenth discourse in Book Eleven of the great and glorious
Bhāgavata-Purāṇa, otherwise known as the
Paramahṃsa-Samhitā. (21-44)
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