ॐ श्रीपरमात्मने नमः
श्रीमद्भागवतमहापुराणम्
द्वादशः स्कन्धः
अथ प्रथमोऽध्यायः
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Śrīmad Bhāgavata-Mahāpurāṇa (Preamble)
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श्रीमद्भागवतं - द्वादशस्कन्धः
॥ ॐ नमो भगवते वासुदेवाय ॥
॥ द्वादशस्कन्धः ॥
॥ प्रथमोऽध्यायः - १ ॥
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Book Twelve
Discourse I
Lines of kings of Kaliyuga (Preamble)
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राजोवाच ।
स्वधामानुगते कृष्णे यदुवंशविभूषणे ।
कस्य वंशोऽभवत्पृथ्व्यामेतदाचक्ष्व मे मुने ॥ १॥
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The king (Parikṣit) submitted: When Śrī Kṛṣṇa, the Jewel of Yadu's line, had left for His own realm in Heaven, whose dynasty ruled over the earth ? (Pray) tell me this, O (revered) sage ! (1) (1)
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श्रीशुक उवाच ।
योऽन्त्यः पुरञ्जयो नाम भाव्यो बार्हद्रथो नृप ।
तस्यामात्यस्तु शुनको हत्वा स्वामिनमात्मजम् ॥ २॥
प्रद्योतसंज्ञं राजानं कर्ता यत्पालकः सुतः ।
विशाखयूपस्तत्पुत्रो भविता राजकस्ततः ॥ ३॥
नन्दिवर्धनस्तत्पुत्रः पञ्च प्रद्योतना इमे ।
अष्टत्रिंशोत्तरशतं भोक्ष्यन्ति पृथिवीं नृपाः ॥ ४॥
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Śrī Śuka replied: O Parikṣit ! Purañjaya, who has been spoken of as the last-named (king) in the line of Bṛhadratha*, is yet to come. His minister Śunaka, for his part, will assassinate his master and instal as king his own son, named Pradyota, whose son will be (called) Pālaka. His son will be (known by the name of) Viśākhyūpa and from him will follow Rājaka. (2-3)
His son will be (called) Nandivardhana. These five kings, (collectively known as) the Pradyotanas, will rule over the earth for a hundred and thirty-eight years. (4) (2-4)
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शिशुनागस्ततो भाव्यः काकवर्णस्तु तत्सुतः ।
क्षेमधर्मा तस्य सुतः क्षेत्रज्ञः क्षेमधर्मजः ॥ ५॥
विधिसारः सुतस्तस्याजातशत्रुर्भविष्यति ।
दर्भकस्तत्सुतो भावी दर्भकस्याजयः स्मृतः ॥ ६॥
नन्दिवर्धन आजेयो महानन्दिः सुतस्ततः ।
शिशुनागा दशैवैते षष्ट्युत्तरशतत्रयम् ॥ ७॥
समा भोक्ष्यन्ति पृथिवीं कुरुश्रेष्ठ कलौ नृपाः ।
महानन्दिसुतो राजन् शूद्रीगर्भोद्भवो बली ॥ ८॥
महापद्मपतिः कश्चिन्नन्दः क्षत्रविनाशकृत् ।
ततो नृपा भविष्यन्ति शूद्रप्रायास्त्वधार्मिकाः ॥ ९॥
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Śiśunāga will come next and his son will be Kākavarṇa. The latter's son will be Kṣemadharmā and Kṣetrajñā will be the son of Kṣemadharmā. (5)
His son will be Vidhisāra and Vidhisāra's son will be Ajātaśatru. Darbhaka will be his son and Darbhaka's son has been named as Ajaya. (6)
Nandivardhana will be the son of Ajaya and Mahānandi will be the son sprung from the loins of Nandivardhana. These ten kings, (collectively known as) the Śiśunāgas, alone will rule over the earth for three hundred and sixty years during the age of Kali, O jewel among the Kurus! Mahānandi's mighty son, who will be born of Śūdra woman, O king, will be a certain Nanda, who will own a huge army or untold riches and will bring about the ruin of the Kṣatriya race, Thenceforward the rulers of men will be mostly Śūdras and unrighteous. (7—9) (5-9)
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स एकच्छत्रां पृथिवीमनुल्लङ्घितशासनः ।
शासिष्यति महापद्मो द्वितीय इव भार्गवः ॥ १०॥
तस्य चाष्टौ भविष्यन्ति सुमाल्यप्रमुखाः सुताः ।
य इमां भोक्ष्यन्ति महीं राजानः स्म शतं समाः ॥ ११॥
नवनन्दान् द्विजः कश्चित्प्रपन्नानुद्धरिष्यति ।
तेषामभावे जगतीं मौर्या भोक्ष्यन्ति वै कलौ ॥ १२॥
स एव चन्द्रगुप्तं वै द्विजो राज्येऽभिषेक्ष्यति ।
तत्सुतो वारिसारस्तु ततश्चाशोकवर्धनः ॥ १३॥
सुयशा भविता तस्य सङ्गतः सुयशः सुतः ।
शालिशूकस्ततस्तस्य सोमशर्मा भविष्यति ॥ १४॥
शतधन्वा ततस्तस्य भविता तद्बृहद्रथः ।
मौर्या ह्येते दश नृपाः सप्तत्रिंशच्छतोत्तरम् ।
समा भोक्ष्यन्ति पृथिवीं कलौ कुरुकुलोद्वह ॥ १५॥
हत्वा बृहद्रथं मौर्यं तस्य सेनापतिः कलौ ।
पुष्यमित्रस्तु शुङ्गाह्वः स्वयं राज्यं करिष्यति
अग्निमित्रस्ततस्तस्मात्सुज्येष्ठोऽथ भविष्यति ॥ १६॥
वसुमित्रो भद्रकश्च पुलिन्दो भविता ततः ।
ततो घोषः सुतस्तस्माद्वज्रमित्रो भविष्यति ॥ १७॥
ततो भागवतस्तस्माद्देवभूतिरिति श्रुतः ।
शुङ्गा दशैते भोक्ष्यन्ति भूमिं वर्षशताधिकम् ॥ १८॥
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Like another Paraśurāma (a scion of the sage Bhr̥gu) the said Mahāpadma will bring the (entire) globe under one sceptre and nobody will (dare) violate his commands. Eight sons with Sumālya as the eldest will be born to him; they will rule over this globe as kings for a hundred years (all told): so the tradition goes. (10-11)
A certain Brāhmaṇa (Cāṇakya or Kauṭalya by name and also nicknamed as Vātsyāyana) will uproot (all) the nine Nandas (Mahāpadma and his eight sons) who will be at heomercy. On their destruction it is the Mauryas that will rule the earth during the Kali age. (12)
That very Brāhmaṇa will instal Candragupta on the throne. His son indeed will be Vārisāra and Aśokavardhana will be born to the latter. (13)
His son will be Suyāśa and Suyāśa's, Saṅgata. Sāliśūka will be born to him and his son will be Somaśarmā. (14)
Śatadhanvā will be born to Somaśarmā and to him, Bṛhadratha. Indeed, these ten* Maurya kings will hold sway over the earth for a hundred and thirty-seven years in the Kali age, O jewel of Kuru's line! (15)
Assassinating Bṛhadratha, the Maurya his generalissimo, Puṣyamitra, bearing the surname of Śuṅga, will assume the reins of government himself.† Agnimitra will be born to Puṣyamitra and to him again, will be born Sujyeṣṭha. (16)
His son will be Vasumitra and Vasumitra's Bhadraka; to him will be born Pulinda. Ghoṣa will be born as a son to Pulinda and from Ghoṣa will follow Vajramitra. (17)
To him will be born Bhāgavata and to Bhāgavata, a son known by the name of Devabhūti. These ten Śuṅgas will rule the earth for more than a century. (18)
- The number of Maurya kings, including Empesor Candragupta, is ten only. The list given in the Visnu and other Puranas includes the name of Daśaratha as the fifth in order from Candragupta. His name should therefore be taken as included in the list in order to complete the number ten.
† The first two lines of verse 16 have not been recognized by Śidhara and some other commentators too.
(10-18)
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ततः कण्वानियं भूमिर्यास्यत्यल्पगुणान् नृप ।
शुङ्गं हत्वा देवभूतिं कण्वोऽमात्यस्तु कामिनम् ॥ १९॥
स्वयं करिष्यते राज्यं वसुदेवो महामतिः ।
तस्य पुत्रस्तु भूमित्रस्तस्य नारायणः सुतः ।
नारायणस्य भविता सुशर्मा नाम विश्रुतः ॥ २०॥
काण्वायना इमे भूमिं चत्वारिंशच्च पञ्च च ।
शतानि त्रीणि भोक्ष्यन्ति वर्षाणां च कलौ युगे ॥ २१॥
हत्वा काण्वं सुशर्माणं तद्भृत्यो वृषलो बली ।
गां भोक्ष्यत्यन्ध्रजातीयः कञ्चित्कालमसत्तमः ॥ २२॥
कृष्णनामाथ तद्भ्राता भविता पृथिवीपतिः ।
श्रीशान्तकर्णस्तत्पुत्रः पौर्णमासस्तु तत्सुतः ॥ २३॥
लम्बोदरस्तु तत्पुत्रस्तस्माच्चिबिलको नृपः ।
मेघस्वातिश्चिबिलकादटमानस्तु तस्य च ॥ २४॥
अनिष्टकर्मा हालेयस्तलकस्तस्य चात्मजः ।
पुरीषभीरुस्तत्पुत्रस्ततो राजा सुनन्दनः ॥ २५॥
चकोरो बहवो यत्र शिवस्वातिररिन्दमः ।
तस्यापि गोमतीपुत्रः पुरीमान् भविता ततः ॥ २६॥
मेदशिराः शिवस्कन्दो यज्ञश्रीस्तत्सुतस्ततः ।
विजयस्तत्सुतो भाव्यश्चन्द्रविज्ञः स लोमधिः ॥ २७॥
एते त्रिंशन्नृपतयश्चत्वार्यब्दशतानि च ।
षट्पञ्चाशच्च पृथिवीं भोक्ष्यन्ति कुरुनन्दन ॥ २८॥
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Then this earth will pass on to the Kaṇva Kings, though they will be possessed of poor merit, O protector of men ! Having assassinated the lewd Devabhūti of the Śuṅga clan, his very clever minister, Vasudeva of the Kaṇva dynasty, will, as a matter of fact, assume the reins of government himself. Again, Bhūmitra will be his son and Bhūmitra's son will be Nārayana. (And) Nārayana's son will be widely known by the name of Suśarmā. (19-20)
These kings of Kaṇva's race will rule the earth for three hundred and forty-five years in the Kali age. (21)
Assassinating Suśarmā of Kaṇva's line, his (own) servant, Bali, a vile Śūdra of the Andhra race will hold away on the earth for some time. (22)
His (own) brother, Kṛṣṇa by name, will succeed him as the ruler of the earth. His son will be Śrī Śāntakarnā and the latter's son, Paurnamāsa. (23)
His son will be Lambodara and Cibilaka will succeed him as king. Meghaswati will succeed Cibilaka and Meghaswāti's son will be Āṭamāna. (24)
Aniṣṭakarmā and Hāleya will come next and Hāleya's son will be Talaka. His son will be Puriṣabhiru and Sunandana will succeed him as king. (25)
Cakora will come next and then (by turn) his (eight) sons, (collectively) known as the Bahus, the last of whom will be Śivaswati, a chastiser of his foes. His son, again, will be Gomatiputra and Puriman will come next. (26)
Medaśśīra and Śivaskanda will come next and Śivaskanda's son will be Yajñaśri. Vijaya will follow Yajñaśri and his sons will be Candravijñā and Lomadhi. (27)
These thirty princes will (successively) rule over the earth for four hundred and fifty-six years, O delight of the Kurus ! (28) (19-28)
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सप्ताभीरा आवभृत्या दशगर्दभिनो नृपाः ।
कङ्काः षोडश भूपाला भविष्यन्त्यतिलोलुपाः ॥ २९॥
ततोऽष्टौ यवना भाव्याश्चतुर्दश तुरुष्ककाः ।
भूयो दश गुरुण्डाश्च मौला एकादशैव तु ॥ ३०॥
एते भोक्ष्यन्ति पृथिवीं दशवर्षशतानि च ।
नवाधिकां च नवतिं मौला एकादश क्षितिम् ॥ ३१॥
भोक्ष्यन्त्यब्दशतान्यङ्ग त्रीणि तैः संस्थिते ततः ।
किलकिलायां नृपतयो भूतनन्दोऽथ वङ्गिरिः ॥ ३२॥
शिशुनन्दिश्च तद्भ्राता यशोनन्दिः प्रवीरकः ।
इत्येते वै वर्षशतं भविष्यन्त्यधिकानि षट् ॥ ३३॥
तेषां त्रयोदश सुता भवितारश्च बाह्लिकाः ।
पुष्पमित्रोऽथ राजन्यो दुर्मित्रोऽस्य तथैव च ॥ ३४॥
एककाला इमे भूपाः सप्तान्ध्राः सप्त कोसलाः ।
विदूरपतयो भाव्या निषधास्तत एव हि ॥ ३५॥
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Seven Abhira princes having their capital at Avabhṛti, ten Gardabhis and sixteen of the Kaṅka dynasty, (all) most rapacious, will hold sway (one after another) as kings. (29)
Then will follow eight Yavanas, fourteen Turuskakas; again, ten Gurundas and then Maunas numbering eleven only. (30)
These (Thirty-two) kings (excluding the Maunas) will rule over the earth for one thousand and ninety-nine years, while the eleven Maunas will hold sway over the earth for (another) three hundred years, O dear Parikṣit! When they cease to be, Bhūtananda and (his son) Vaṅgiri, the latter's (younger) brother, Śiṣunandi, (his son) Yaśonandi and (grandson) Praviraka—(all) these will actually reign at (their capital) Kilikilā for a hundred and six years only. (31—33)
They will leave thirteen sons, (collectively) known as the Bāhlikas. Again, there will be Puṣpamitra, a Kṣatriya, and even so his son Durmitra. (34)
(All) these will hold sway (over different territories) at one and the same time. Seven (of these) will be kings of Andhra and seven of Kosala. The rulers of Vidūra and Niṣadha indeed will also come out of these (the Bāhlikas). (35) (29-35)
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मागधानां तु भविता विश्वस्फूर्जिः पुरञ्जयः ।
करिष्यत्यपरो वर्णान् पुलिन्दयदुमद्रकान् ॥ ३६॥
प्रजाश्चाब्रह्मभूयिष्ठाः स्थापयिष्यति दुर्मतिः ।
वीर्यवान् क्षत्रमुत्साद्य पद्मवत्यां स वै पुरि ।
अनुगङ्गामाप्रयागं गुप्तां भोक्ष्यति मेदिनीम् ॥ ३७॥
सौराष्ट्रावन्त्याभीराश्च शूरा अर्बुदमालवाः ।
व्रात्या द्विजा भविष्यन्ति शूद्रप्राया जनाधिपाः ॥ ३८॥
सिन्धोस्तटं चन्द्रभागां कौन्तीं काश्मीरमण्डलम् ।
भोक्ष्यन्ति शूद्रा व्रात्याद्या म्लेच्छाश्चाब्रह्मवर्चसः ॥ ३९॥
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Among the rulers of Magadha there will be one Viśwasphūrī, (also) known as Purañjaya the second, who will convert the higher castes into Pulindas, Yadus and Madrakas (tribes that will be no better than Mlecchas). (36)
Being evil-minded and powerful, he will exterminate the Kṣatriya race and settle in the city of Padmāvatī (his capital) a population consisting mostly of casteless people, ruling over the well-guarded tract of land extending along the banks of the Gaṅgā up to Prayāga (from Haridwāra). (37)
(As Kaliyuga advances) the Brāhmaṇas of Saurāṣṭra, Avantī, the Ābhirā territory and (the principalities of Śūra, Arbuda and Mālawa will become Vrātyas or fallen men (because of their giving up the Saṃskāras or purificatory rites, especially the ceremony of investiture with the sacred thread), and the rulers will be mostly of the Śūdra class. (38)
Śūdra, fallen Brāhmaṇas and members of other higher castes who have given up the Vedic courses of conduct and Mlecchas will rule over the banks of the Indus and Chandrabhāgā, rivers the city of Kauntī and the territory of Kāśmīra. (39) (36-39)
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तुल्यकाला इमे राजन् म्लेच्छप्रायाश्च भूभृतः ।
एतेऽधर्मानृतपराः फल्गुदास्तीव्रमन्यवः ॥ ४०॥
स्त्रीबालगोद्विजघ्नाश्च परदारधनादृताः ।
उदितास्तमितप्राया अल्पसत्त्वाल्पकायुषः ॥ ४१॥
असंस्कृताः क्रियाहीना रजसा तमसाऽऽवृताः ।
प्रजास्ते भक्षयिष्यन्ति म्लेच्छा राजन्यरूपिणः ॥ ४२॥
तन्नाथास्ते जनपदास्तच्छीलाचारवादिनः ।
अन्योन्यतो राजभिश्च क्षयं यास्यन्ति पीडिताः ॥ ४३॥
इति श्रीमद्भागवते महापुराणे पारमहंस्यां
संहितायां द्वादशस्कन्धे प्रथमोऽध्यायः ॥ १॥
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These kings, O Parikṣit, who will (all) be contemporaries, will be no better than Mlecchas (in their course of conduct) and will be given over to unrighteousness and mendacity, illiberal and furious. (40)
They will kill women, children, cows and Brāhmaṇas, covet—others' wives and wealth, experience vicissitudes of fortune in quick succession and will be poor of strength and courage and shortlived (too). (41)
They will cease to perform purificatory rites, will be devoid of righteous actions, and dominated by Rajas and Tamas and, being Mlecchas in the garb of Kṣatriyas, will suck the blood of their (own) people. (42)
The people ruled over by them too will acquire their habits, ways of life and mode of speech and, oppressed by one another as well as by their rulers, will go to ruin. (43)
Thus ends the first discourse in Book Twelve of the great and glorious Bhāgavata-Purāṇa, otherwise known as the Paramahamsa-Sarhhitā. (40-43)
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